Stimulants are a class of drugs that enhance brain activity. Prescription stimulants were used historically to treat asthma, obesity, neurological disorders, and a variety of other ailments, before it became apparent that they could easily be misused and came with a high risk of developing addiction.1
Medically, they are now prescribed for only a few health conditions, including narcolepsy (sleep disorder), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and short-term treatment of obesity.2 They are sometimes referred to as “study drugs” for their common misuse by students.
Commonly known medications include Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta, ProCentra and Suprenza.
| Generic Drug Composition | Brand Name |
| Methamphetamine | Desoxyn |
| Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine | Adderall |
| Benzphetamine | Didrex, Recede |
| Dextroamphetamine | Dexedrine, ProCentra, Dextrostat |
| Lisdexamfetamine | Vyvanse |
| Methylphenidate | Concerta, Methylin, Ritalin, Daytrana |
| Dexmethylphenidate | Focalin, FocalinXR |
| Phentermine | Suprenza, Adipex-P |
| Armodafinil | Nuvigil |
| Phendimetrazine | Bontril |
It’s dangerous for anyone to take prescription medication not prescribed to them. Stimulants increase the amount of natural chemical messengers called norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This increases blood pressure and heart rate; constricts blood vessels; increases blood glucose; and increases breathing. This can cause:
Heart attacks or deadly seizures can also occur in more serious situations.
If you suspect your child or a loved one is struggling with stimulant misuse or addiction, explore the following resources to learn where to start.
Stimulant misuse is often associated with stress and anxiety among young people. The following provide insight and guidance to help steer young people toward healthier stress management, and to avoid substance use.